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PROJECT FOR PRODUCTION ENLARGEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT OF
NEW TYPES OF PLOUGHS
Until the collapse of the Soviet Union the plant did not have problems with major products sales. Constant demand for gears and hot foldings, stable sales markets in the Republic and in the entire USSR provided a regular and smooth functioning of the plant, bi connection with a change in economic situation the enteiprises-consumers of MGW products have started the production of analogous products on their own.
Within the framework of industry structural reconstruction programme they have been carrying out at Minsk Gear Works the work on foundation and organization of soil cultivating machines mass production. During the period from 1993 till 1995 the plant mastered jointly with the Specialized Design-Technical Office under Belarusian Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization (SDTO BRIAM) the mass production of PLN general purpose mounted ploughs with semi-helical mouldboard: 3-bottomed PLN-3-35P plough, ,4-bottomed PLN-4-35P plough, 5-bottomed PLN-5-35P plough for trectors MTZ-80, MTZ-82, MTZ- 1025, MTZ-1221, T-150 (80, 100, 120 and 150 horse powers). Simultaneously the production of spare parts for than has been organized. According to statistics, 35 thousand ploughs are used in Belarusian agriculture, while the tractor fleet numbers 125 thousand tractors.
If judging by purpose showings and technical specifications, the ploughs conform to modem technical demands and are competitive in CIS countries-members, the Baltics and the Republic of Belarus.
"Altajselmash" (Russia) and "Odessapochvomash" (Ukraine) enterprises are MGW's competitors in the field of soil-cultivating machines (ploughs). The advantage of these enteiprises is that they are purely socialized works for the production of agricultural machines, but their products are not conq)etitive on the worid market and do not conform to modem agricultural demands.
Remoteness from consumers, existance of customs barriers, lack of guarantee service and difficulties m spare parts supply give an advantage to MGW products.
Such Belarusian enteiprises as "Gomselmash" (Gomel), "Lidselmash" (Lida), "Kuzlitmash" (Pinsk) and Orsha Tractor Maintenance Works (Orsha) also have started the production of ploughs. The technical level and design peculiarities of their products are lower than MGW products' ones. The results of the state acceptance tests for specimens of 3- bottomed mounted poughs PLN-3-35P (MGW), PLN-3-30 (PA "Gomselmash"), L-108 ("Lidselmash"), held at Belarusian Machine-Testing Station BelMIS, have shown that plough PLN-3-35P, made by MGW, exceeds (if judging by the quality showings of technological process performance) not only ploughs PLN-3-30 and L-108, but also the production-line plough PLN-3-35, made by "Odessapochvomash" plant.
One more plant of PLN range, produced by MGW — 4-bottomed mounted plough PLN- 4-35P — also has passed successfully the state acceptance test.
The programme for plough sales is based on the following principal keypoints: — ploughs of such type are not in mass production in Belarus, and sales markets are not saturated with them.
— MTZ tractors, delivered both to home and foreign markets, are anticipated to be equipped and completed with these ploughs.
— The provision of the whole range of ploughs with spare parts is planned for pursuing the goal of sales market saturation.

2.Short description of anticipated producte, purpose and range of application,

New ploughs PLN-3-35P, PLN-4-35P, PLN-5-35P, designed by SDTO BRIAM and made on serial basis by MGW, consist of the frame, semi-helical bottoms with angular skims, disk coulters, supporting wheel with a mechanism for cultivation depth control, portion with a device in the shape of a transversal axis and catchers for quick attachment of a tractor's lower rods to the plough- Besides, the ploughs have a device for attaching harrows.
The new ploughs differ from production-line ploughs of PLN type, made by "Odessapochvomash", by means of higher technical level:
These technical decisions are not inferior to the design of the ploughs, produced by such major manufactm-ers of general purpose ploughs as "Kwerneland" (Norway, MZ plough), "Hoirde" (France, TS 641 plough), "Ewerums Bruk" (Sweden, 300F plough).
The semi-helical bottoms with angular skims improves covering of seam, ensures the work of the plough without blocking, and the disk coulter, mounted on the front side of the rear bottom, ensures a clean furrow with a straight field cut.
Besides, the semi-helical bottom has a shortened ploughshare with a cutting cover-plate, compound moudboard and turning side-member (field board) — this enhances the service life of quicky wearing parts and their reliability. Average non-failure life of ploughshare is 52 bectars.
The mouldboard have the depth 8 mm and is made from steel 65 G (instead of steel 60-10- 60, the depth — 7 mm) — this enhances its service life. because the hard layer thickness of three-layer steel is 2-2.5 mm; when the layer is worn, an intensive wearing of subsequent layers takes place.
So, the showings of new ploughs' technical level witness that they conform, if judging by basic parameters, to the most perfect foreign (ploughs S 300F and SL-400F of Swedish firm "Owerums Bruk") and home (PLN-3-35, PLN-4-35, PLN-5-35) patterns and to market demands as well.
Besides the above ploughs we have worked out at the plant working drawings and produced a specimen of mounted 8-bottomed plough PLN-8-35P with semi-helical bottoms, aggregated with a class 5 tractor (ofK-701 type) and with future models ofMTZ tractors (180-210 horse powers); it is designed to plough various kinds of soil, free of stones, for grain and industrial crops. In the second quarter of 1997 it is to undergo a preliminary test at Belarusian Machine Testing Station.

Table I

Technical specifications of ploughs being in manufacturing process.

Model of plough (in brackets there are models of tractors which the ploughs are aggregated with)
Operating
width, mm
Operating
speed, km/h
Ploughing
depth, mm
Productiven
ess per
hour,
hectars/hour
Overall
dimension
smm
length
width
height
Weight
kg
PLN-3-35P
3-bottomed
(MTZ-80/82)
1050
5-7
200 - 270
0,5-0,7
2650
1550
1270
460
PLN-4-35P
4-bottomed
(T-74, DT-75)
1400
6-8
200 - 270
0,8-1,1
3500
1950
1650
720
PLN-4-35P-01
4-bottomed
(MTZ-1025)
1400
6-8
200-270
0,5-0,7
3650
1850
1125
660
PLN-5-35P
5-bottomed
(MTZ-1221)
1750
6-9
200 - 270
0,87 -1,35
4300
2250
1650
900
PNG-3•43
3-bottomed
(MTZ-80/82)
1290
7-8
140 - 250
0,9 -1,03
2650
1750
1300
540
PLN-8-35P
8-bottomed
(K-701)
2800
7-8
200 - 270
1,9-2,2
6800
3700
1800
2000
To plough the types of soil clogged with stones we have worked out and produced the specimens of 3-bottomed mounted plough with mechanical safeguards, aggregated with MTZ- 82 tractor, function bodies of tins plough have been unified as much as possible with a PLN- type plough with semi-helical bottoms. The specimen of a PKM-(5+-1+1)-40 semi-mounted modular 5-7 bottomed plough with mechanical safeguard for stony soil, aggregated with MTZ- 1221 and MTZ-1522 tractors, also have been designed and made.
In order to perform the smooth ploughing of middle mechanical composition soil we have worked out (aerating drawings and make now the samples of mounted swing ploughs for smooth ploughing: 3-bottomed PON-3-35P and 4-bottomed PON-4-35P ploughs, aggregated with MTZ 80/82, MTZ 1221 and MTZ-1025 tractors.
Besides, it is worth to make a special stress on the promising character of works on the PNG-3-43 swing plough for smooth ploughing, which have been started by MOW together with BRIAM. The plant has produced a sample of the plough, which is now undergoing state acceptance test at Belarusian Machine Testing Station.
Together with Belarusian Agricultural Academy (BAA, Gorki) we create new plough bottoms with plate moudboards, which are used for cultivating wet and sticky types of soil and ensure the effective soil shattering. The energy consumption of ploughing process is reduced.
In comparison with analogous bottoms of famous "Raba Werk" firm (Germany), where plates repeat the shape of a solid mouldboard, BAA plates have their own geometrical shape, and this makes the process of soil shattering much more effective.
Simultaneously with the conduct of joint work with leading specialists of the Republic on creating new equipment, technicians of the plant search constantly for foreign partners to establish joint productions for manufacturing up-dated agricultural machines.
3. Intellectual and labour potential.
In connection with the fact that nowadays the elaboration and the production of agricultural machines (ploughs) asumes an unpoitant meaning at the plant, the. design-technological department for soil-cultivating machines has been created within the framework of the Chief Designer's Board
The department is manned with 10 experienced specialists, including 4 former employees of SDTO BRIAM, who have been specialized for the whole period of their work in this domaine in elaboration of ploughs and who have 60 copyright certificate.
The plant possesses required woriong resources for realizing an investment project. Workers and employees have an enough level of qualification and the experience of practical work. 60 per cent of the total quantity of industrial-production personnel have been employed in this field for 10 years and more.
4. Provision with current assets and financial resources.
The elaboration and introduction of new products are connected closely with mastering new technologies. All plans for enterprise's development are connected with the use of up-dated high technological equipment, in particular, for metal working, welding and painting.
The enterprise has required current assets for paying for energy, tools and technological tooling, but it does not have enough means for purchasing metal, materials and components.
Besides, there is an additional need in financial resources (investments), which are required for purchasing the equipment we do not possess and modernizing the equipment we have; for working out, producing and purchasing devices for measurement and check of plough's parameters, for creation of welding and painting productions, for conducting design- technological works and the tests of new types of soil-cultivating machines and for compensating for the costs of future periods.
The total need in financial resources for the development of production and for the manufacturing of ploughs is more than 1,200,000 US dollars.
The receipt of these investments will let fulfil the whole complex of works for technical re- equipment of the enterprise in order to realize this project, for the creation in the Republic of Belarus of the manufacturer of high-quality soil cultivating machines for different regions of the Republic and for the export of these products to CIS and foreign countries. The plant needs the above investments in 1997,
5. Logistics.
The possibility of receiving raw materials and components depends on the financial position of the plant.
It is worth to take into account when estimating the raw material base and the provision with components and half-finished products, that the plant has long-standing links with metallurgical mtegiatcd enterprises both in Belarus and in CIS colintlies-members. Besides, for the four year period of assimilating the production of ploughs with semi-helical bottoms the plant has cwicilided contracts with new suppliers, dealing with products, complying with this peculiarity The principal suppliers of raw-materials are:
- Zhlobin metallurgical integrated enterprise, Belarus;
- Serov metallurgical integrated enterprise, Russia;
- Nizhniy Novgorod Machine-Building plant, Russia;
- Cheliabinsk metallurgical integrated enterprise, Russia,
- Oriol steel-rolling plant, Russia;
- Seversk pipe plant, Russia;
- production association "Kirov plant", (St)Sanct-Petersburg, Russia;
- peoduction association "Izhstal", Izhevsk, Russia;
- Zlatoust metallurgical plant, Russia;
- Red Sulin metallurgical plant, Russia;
- Powder Metallurgy plant, Brovary, Ukraine;
- KZTSh plant, Zhodino, Belarus;
- Retchitsa metal articles plant, Belarus.
6. Technological potential.
The plant possesses production premises and required turning, milling, grinding and other types of metal working equipment, equipment for chemical-heat treatment of parts, forging equipment and laboratory equipment for quality control of metal, for determining its mechaiiical-and-pliysical properties and quality ofthermohardening.
Starting from 1993 they have been creating at MOW a flexible production with the wide use of
NC machines, finishing and other types of modem equipment, which function in a stable way, but have limited production capacities Tn connection with reorientation for the production of ploughs the urgent technical re-equipment of existing production, creation of certain works (welding, painting) and appropriate investments for the production of necessary technological equipment are required.
Table 2
Volumes of investments into the expansion of agricultural machines production
N
Type of equipment
Required quantity, pcs.
Investment volumes, $
1.
NC lathes
10
200.000
2.
NC millinn machines
5
130.000
3.
Grinding machines
5
162.000
4.
Welding equipment
7
200.000
5.
Painting equipment
2
100.000
6.
NC plasma cutting machine
2
40.000
7.
Gate shears
2
40.000
Total:
872.000
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