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Digest 1996

Digest of

January 1997

Digest of

February 1997

Digest of

March 1997```````````

Pogrom.

The 28^th of July 1942 became the most horrible day in the history of Minsk ghetto .Its the date of beginning of a terrifying pogrom.All previous and following pogroms continued for a day or two, but that one lasted fore more than 4 days-up to the 1^st of August.The previous covered only some ghetto areas and that one covered almost the whole territory.It can be characterized by a great number of murder-buses which constantly went to the area of Belarusian village Malyi Trostenetz .During the previous pogroms from 5 up to15 thousand people dyed , on the 28^th-31^st of July near 18 thousand prisoners were perished.

After the pogrom ghetto’s area reduced for one third. Fascists chose prisoners to be killed.

First of all they shot those Jews who could not move because of the illness.Those who were ill but could move were put into the cars and taken somewhere .

Children were killed immediately .When territory of the ghetto reduced and the houses began to be occupied corpses of small children aged less than half a year were found in the garrets.

At first sight no one seemed to survive after the 28^th of July in ghetto. But its not quite true. The author of this lines managed to meet some prisoners of ghetto who remember that terrifying days.

Here is the story of the former prisoner Elena Gilievna Shvartzman ; ‘At that time we lived in Minsk in the Tank street .In the morning of the 28^th father and my brother went to work .I stayed at home with my mother. Suddenly she ran in shouting ;’Girlie! The ghetto is surrounded There going be pogrom!’ We had a small cellar for potatoes under the bed.But the problem was in that our neighbor and his wife stayed at home . He had a document confirming that he worked and was free for a day.At first we invited them to the cellar ,but they didn’t go thinking that fascists wont touch them.

Suddenly fascists burst into the room. They immediately shot our neighbor. His wife was at a lose , opened the lid of the cellar and wanted to escape there .She was pulled back and killed. My mother followed her and also was killed. Later I understood that mother saved us at the cost of her life .She was afraid that monsters would go to the cellar. Rivochka stopped my mouth for I could not speak.’

How many prisoners of Minsk ghetto dyed during that pogrom? Its difficult to answer exactly this question yet. Its known that during the first two days 10 thousand people were killed.

Amanuil Ioffe.